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Solaris

There are dependent and independent zones in Solaris:

Shared zones - process separation, the same kernel
Branded zones - virtualization, different kernel (or OS)

Zone States

Configured	Configuration has been completed and storage has been committed. Additional configuration is still required.
Incomplete	Zone is in this state when it is being installed or uninstalled.
Installed	The zone has a confirmed configuration, zoneadm is used to verify the configuration, Solaris packages have been installed, even through it has been installed, it still has no virtual platform associated with it.
Ready (active)	Zone's virtual platform is established. The kernel creates the zsched process, the network interfaces are plumbed and filesystems mounted. The system also assigns a zone ID at this state, but no processes are associated with this zone.
Running (active)	A zone enters this state when the first user process is created. This is the normal state for an operational zone.
Shutting down + Down (active)	Normal state when a zone is being shutdown.

Zones management

Files and Directories

zone config file	/etc/zones
zone index	/etc/zones/index Note: used by /lib/svc/method/svc-zones to start and stop zones

Cheat sheet

Creating a zone	zonecfg -z <zone> see creating a zone for a more details
deleting a zone from the global ssytem	## halt the zone first, then uninstall it zoneadm -z <zone> halt zoneadm -z <zone> uninstall ## now you can delete it zonecfg -z <zone> delete -F
Display zones current configuration	zonecfg -z <zone> info
Display zone name	zonename
Create a zone creation file	zonecfg -z <zone> export

Verify a zone	zoneadm -z <zone> verify
Installing a zone	zoneadm -z <zone> install
Ready a zone	zoneadm -z <zone> ready
boot a zone	zoneadm -z <zone> boot
reboot a zone	zoneadm -z <zone> reboot
halt a zone	zoneadm -z <zone> halt
uninstalling a zone	zoneadm -z <zone> uninstall -F
Veiwing zones	zoneadm list -cv

login into a zone	zlogin <zone>
login to a zones console	zlogin -C <zone> (use ~. to exit)
login into a zone in safe mode (recovery)	zlogin -S <zone>

add/remove a package (global zone)	# pkgadd -G -d . <package> If the -G option is missing the package will be added to all zones
add/remove a package (non-global zone)	# pkgadd -Z -d . <package> If the -Z option is missing the package will be added to all zones
Query packages in all non-global zones	# pkginfo -Z
query packages in a specified zone	# pkginfo -z <zone>

lists processes in a zone	# ps -z <zone>
list the ipcs in a zone	# ipcs -z <zone>
process grep in a zone	# pgrep -z <zone>
list the ptree in a zone	# ptree -z <zone>
Display all filesystems	# df -Zk
display the zones process informtion	# prstat -Z # prstat -z <zone> Note: -Z reports information about processes and zones -z reports information about a particular zone

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Solaris

Zones management